SUNBURST
绘图 · 第 28 / 36 章
基础旭日图
基础旭日图
Python94 行
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
COLORS = ["#A8552E", "#35666E", "#D0A64F", "#3F2E18", "#7E8F52"]
BG = "#F7F3EC"
# 层级数据：根 → 大类 → 子类
hierarchy = {
"Product": {"P-A": 25, "P-B": 18, "P-C": 12},
"Service": {"S-A": 20, "S-B": 15, "S-C": 10},
}
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(9, 9))
total = sum(sum(subs.values()) for subs in hierarchy.values())
start_angle = 90 # 从 12 点方向开始
# 外层：大类
inner_radius = 0.4
outer_radius = 0.75
group_angles = {}
for (group, subs), c in zip(hierarchy.items(), COLORS):
group_total = sum(subs.values())
angle = 360 * group_total / total
group_angles[group] = (start_angle, start_angle - angle, c)
wedge = plt.matplotlib.patches.Wedge(
(0, 0), outer_radius,
start_angle - angle, start_angle, # 顺时针
width=outer_radius - inner_radius,
facecolor=c, edgecolor="white", linewidth=2.0,
alpha=0.9,
)
ax.add_patch(wedge)
# 大类标签
mid_angle = np.deg2rad(start_angle - angle / 2)
label_r = (inner_radius + outer_radius) / 2
ax.text(label_r * np.cos(mid_angle),
label_r * np.sin(mid_angle),
group, ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=12, color="white", fontweight="bold")
start_angle -= angle
# 内层：子类
inner_inner_r = 0.15
inner_outer_r = 0.4
for group, subs in hierarchy.items():
g_start = group_angles[group][0]
group_total = sum(subs.values())
sub_colors = [COLORS[2], COLORS[4], COLORS[3]]
for i, (sub, val) in enumerate(subs.items()):
angle = 360 * val / total
c = sub_colors[i % len(sub_colors)]
wedge = plt.matplotlib.patches.Wedge(
(0, 0), inner_outer_r,
g_start - angle, g_start,
width=inner_outer_r - inner_inner_r,
facecolor=c, edgecolor="white", linewidth=1.5,
alpha=0.85,
)
ax.add_patch(wedge)
# 子类标签（扇区够大时显示）
if angle > 12:
mid_angle = np.deg2rad(g_start - angle / 2)
label_r = (inner_inner_r + inner_outer_r) / 2
ax.text(label_r * np.cos(mid_angle),
label_r * np.sin(mid_angle),
f"{sub}\n{val}",
ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=9, color="white", fontweight="bold")
g_start -= angle
# 中心：总量
ax.text(0, 0, f"{total}\nTotal",
ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=14, color=COLORS[3], fontweight="bold")
ax.set_xlim(-0.85, 0.85)
ax.set_ylim(-0.85, 0.85)
ax.set_aspect("equal")
ax.axis("off")
ax.set_title("Sunburst Chart", fontsize=15, color=COLORS[3], pad=12)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()三层旭日图
三层旭日图
Python128 行
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.patches import Wedge
COLORS = ["#A8552E", "#35666E", "#D0A64F", "#3F2E18", "#7E8F52"]
BG = "#F7F3EC"
# 三层数据结构
hierarchy = {
"Product": {
"P-A": {"P-A-1": 12, "P-A-2": 8, "P-A-3": 5},
"P-B": {"P-B-1": 10, "P-B-2": 8},
},
"Service": {
"S-A": {"S-A-1": 12, "S-A-2": 8},
"S-B": {"S-B-1": 9, "S-B-2": 6},
},
}
# 计算总量
def total_value(node):
if isinstance(node, dict):
return sum(total_value(v) for v in node.values())
return node
total = total_value(hierarchy)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 10))
start_angle = 90
# ---- 第 1 层：大类 ----
layer1_r = (0.72, 1.0)
group_colors = [COLORS[0], COLORS[1]]
group_angles = {}
for (group, subs), c in zip(hierarchy.items(), group_colors):
group_total = total_value(subs)
angle = 360 * group_total / total
group_angles[group] = (start_angle, angle, c)
wedge = Wedge((0, 0), layer1_r[1],
start_angle - angle, start_angle,
width=layer1_r[1] - layer1_r[0],
facecolor=c, edgecolor="white",
linewidth=2.5, alpha=0.9)
ax.add_patch(wedge)
mid = np.deg2rad(start_angle - angle / 2)
lr = sum(layer1_r) / 2
ax.text(lr * np.cos(mid), lr * np.sin(mid),
group, ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=12, color="white", fontweight="bold")
start_angle -= angle
# ---- 第 2 层：子类 ----
layer2_r = (0.42, 0.72)
sub_colors = [COLORS[2], COLORS[4], COLORS[3]]
sub_angles = {}
for group, subs in hierarchy.items():
g_start = group_angles[group][0]
for i, (sub, leaves) in enumerate(subs.items()):
sub_total = total_value(leaves)
angle = 360 * sub_total / total
c = sub_colors[i % len(sub_colors)]
sub_angles[(group, sub)] = (g_start, angle)
wedge = Wedge((0, 0), layer2_r[1],
g_start - angle, g_start,
width=layer2_r[1] - layer2_r[0],
facecolor=c, edgecolor="white",
linewidth=2.0, alpha=0.85)
ax.add_patch(wedge)
if angle > 15:
mid = np.deg2rad(g_start - angle / 2)
lr = sum(layer2_r) / 2
ax.text(lr * np.cos(mid), lr * np.sin(mid),
sub, ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=10, color="white", fontweight="bold")
g_start -= angle
# ---- 第 3 层：叶子 ----
layer3_r = (0.15, 0.42)
leaf_colors = [COLORS[3], COLORS[4], COLORS[2], COLORS[0], COLORS[1]]
for group, subs in hierarchy.items():
for sub, leaves in subs.items():
s_start = sub_angles[(group, sub)][0]
for i, (leaf, val) in enumerate(leaves.items()):
angle = 360 * val / total
c = leaf_colors[i % len(leaf_colors)]
wedge = Wedge((0, 0), layer3_r[1],
s_start - angle, s_start,
width=layer3_r[1] - layer3_r[0],
facecolor=c, edgecolor="white",
linewidth=1.5, alpha=0.8)
ax.add_patch(wedge)
if angle > 10:
mid = np.deg2rad(s_start - angle / 2)
lr = sum(layer3_r) / 2
ax.text(lr * np.cos(mid), lr * np.sin(mid),
f"{val}", ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=8, color="white", fontweight="bold")
s_start -= angle
# 中心
ax.text(0, 0.04, f"{total}", ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=20, color=COLORS[3], fontweight="bold")
ax.text(0, -0.08, "Total", ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=10, color=COLORS[3])
ax.set_xlim(-1.05, 1.05)
ax.set_ylim(-1.05, 1.05)
ax.set_aspect("equal")
ax.axis("off")
ax.set_title("Sunburst — 3 Levels",
fontsize=15, color=COLORS[3], pad=12)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()Plotly 交互式旭日图
Plotly 交互式旭日图
Python33 行
# pip install plotly
import plotly.express as px
import pandas as pd
data = {
"Group": ["Product", "Product", "Product",
"Service", "Service", "Service"],
"Sub": ["P-A", "P-B", "P-C", "S-A", "S-B", "S-C"],
"Value": [25, 18, 12, 20, 15, 10],
}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
fig = px.sunburst(
df,
path=["Group", "Sub"], # 层级路径
values="Value",
color="Group",
color_discrete_map={
"Product": "#A8552E",
"Service": "#35666E",
},
branchvalues="total",
)
fig.update_layout(
title="Interactive Sunburst (Plotly)",
paper_bgcolor="#F7F3EC",
plot_bgcolor="#F7F3EC",
font=dict(color="#3F2E18", size=12),
)
fig.write_html("sunburst.html")单色渐变旭日图
单色渐变旭日图
Python73 行
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.patches import Wedge
from matplotlib.colors import LinearSegmentedColormap
BG = "#F7F3EC"
CMAP = LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list(
"theme", ["#3F2E18", "#A8552E", "#D0A64F"], N=256
)
hierarchy = {
"Product": {"P-A": 25, "P-B": 18, "P-C": 12},
"Service": {"S-A": 20, "S-B": 15, "S-C": 10},
}
total = sum(sum(v.values()) for v in hierarchy.values())
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(9.5, 9.5))
start = 90
# 外层：大类
for i, (group, subs) in enumerate(hierarchy.items()):
group_total = sum(subs.values())
angle = 360 * group_total / total
c = CMAP(0.9 - i * 0.3)
wedge = Wedge((0, 0), 0.85, start - angle, start,
width=0.3, facecolor=c,
edgecolor="white", linewidth=2.5, alpha=0.95)
ax.add_patch(wedge)
mid = np.deg2rad(start - angle / 2)
ax.text(0.7 * np.cos(mid), 0.7 * np.sin(mid),
group, ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=13, color="white", fontweight="bold")
# 内层：子类
s_start = start
for j, (sub, val) in enumerate(subs.items()):
sub_angle = 360 * val / total
c_sub = CMAP(0.6 - j * 0.15)
wedge = Wedge((0, 0), 0.55, s_start - sub_angle, s_start,
width=0.25, facecolor=c_sub,
edgecolor="white", linewidth=1.8, alpha=0.9)
ax.add_patch(wedge)
if sub_angle > 15:
mid = np.deg2rad(s_start - sub_angle / 2)
ax.text(0.43 * np.cos(mid), 0.43 * np.sin(mid),
f"{sub}\n{val}", ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=9, color="white", fontweight="bold")
s_start -= sub_angle
start -= angle
# 中心
ax.text(0, 0.04, f"{total}", ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=22, color="#3F2E18", fontweight="bold")
ax.text(0, -0.09, "Total", ha="center", va="center",
fontsize=11, color="#3F2E18")
ax.set_xlim(-0.9, 0.9)
ax.set_ylim(-0.9, 0.9)
ax.set_aspect("equal")
ax.axis("off")
ax.set_title("Sunburst — Monochromatic",
fontsize=15, color="#3F2E18", pad=12)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()